This document (together with any documents referred to in it) tells you the terms and conditions upon which we sell and supply the goods and services (the 'Products') listed on this website (the 'Website') to you.
Before confirming your order please:
Read through these terms and conditions (the 'Conditions') and in particular our cancellations and returns policy at clause 12 and limitation of our liability and your indemnity at clause 16
Print a copy for future reference.
Read our privacy policy regarding your personal information.
By ordering any of the Products listed on this Website, you agree to be legally bound by these Conditions. You will be unable to proceed with your purchase if you do not accept these terms and conditions as may be modified or amended and posted on this Website from time to time.
We reserve the right to revise and amend the Website, our disclaimers and the Conditions at any time without notice to you. Your continued use of the Website (or any part thereof) following a change shall be deemed to be your acceptance of such change. It is your responsibility to check regularly to determine whether we have changed these Conditions.
ABOUT US
This contract is between you and Bramhope Primary PTA ("we/us/our") who is the seller of the products listed on the Website. Bramhope Primary PTA’s place of business is at Bramhope Primary School, Breary Rise, Bramhope, West Yorkshire, LS16 9AL. You can contact us via email at pta@bramhopeprimaryschool.co.uk.
COMMUNICATIONS
You agree that email and other electronic communications can be used as a long-distance means of communication and acknowledge that all contracts, notices, information and other communications that we provide to you electronically comply with any legal requirement that such communications be in writing.
We will contact you by email or provide you with information by posting notices on our Website.
OVERSEAS ORDERS
Our Website is only intended for use by customers resident in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland (the United Kingdom).
We will not accept orders for goods from individuals located outside the United Kingdom. We may agree to provide our services if you are resident in the European Economic Area (EEA), subject to reserving a right to amend the specifications or standards of the services offered on the Website and/or these Conditions or to refuse to accept an order for our services from you, if it will put an excessive strain on our business or if we have an objective reason for doing so. If we accept your order, you will be liable to pay for all and any additional costs that we incur in order to facilitate your order. You will have an opportunity to cancel your order in case the additional costs are not acceptable
REGISTRATION
When registering on the Website you must choose an email address and password. You are responsible for all actions taken under your chosen email address and password.
By registering on the Website you undertake:
That all the details you provide to us for the purpose of registering on the Website and purchasing the Products are true, accurate, current and complete in all respects
To notify us immediately of any changes to the information provided on registration or to your personal information
That you are over 18 or if under 18 you have a parent or guardian's permission to register with and purchase the Products from this Website in conjunction with and under their supervision
To only use the Website using your own email address and password
To make every effort to keep your password safe
Not to disclose your password to anyone
To change your password immediately upon discovering that it has been compromised
To neither transfer or sell your email address or password to anyone, nor permit, either directly or indirectly, anyone other than you to use them
We reserve the right to terminate an agreement formed with you pursuant to clause 9 below and to suspend or terminate your access to the Website immediately and without notice to you if:
You fail to make any payment to us when due
You breach these Conditions (repeatedly or otherwise)
You are impersonating any other person or entity
When requested by us to do so, you fail to provide us within a reasonable time with sufficient information to enable us to determine the accuracy and validity of any information supplied by you, or your identity
We suspect you have engaged, or are about to engage, or have in anyway been involved, in fraudulent or illegal activity on the Website
ELIGIBILITY TO PURCHASE FROM THE WEBSITE
To be eligible to purchase the Products on this Website and lawfully enter into and form contracts with us, you must:
Be 18 years of age or over
Be legally capable of entering into a binding contract
Provide full details of an address in the United Kingdom for delivery of goods and, if purchasing services, an address in the United Kingdom or the European Economic Area (if you reside in the EEA)
If you are under 18, you may only use the Website in conjunction with, and under the supervision of, a parent or guardian. If you do not qualify, you must not use our Website.
PRICE
The prices of the products are quoted on the Website.
Prices quoted are for delivery (in the case of goods) and for performance (in the case of services) in the United Kingdom unless otherwise specified.
Unless otherwise stated, the prices quoted include delivery costs (in the case of goods), but exclude VAT (we are not VAT registered).
We reserve the right, by giving notice to you at any time before delivery or performance of our obligations to you, to increase the price of the Products to reflect any increase in the cost to us due to any factor beyond our control (such as without limitation, any foreign exchange fluctuation, significant increase in the costs of labour, materials or other costs of manufacture). In the unlikely event of this occurring, you shall be entitled to cancel the order at any time before delivery of the goods and/or we have commenced providing the services.
PAYMENT
We accept credit and debit card payments via Stripe, GoCardless.
Payments processed by Stripe are subject to Stripe’s terms and conditions of Service. PTA Events makes no representations or warranties with respect to those Services.
Payments processed by GoCardless are subject to GoCardless’s terms and conditions of Service. PTA Events makes no representations or warranties with respect to those Services.
ORDER PROCESS AND FORMATION OF A CONTRACT
All orders are subject to acceptance and availability. If any Products ordered are not available, you will be notified by email and you will have the option either to wait until the item is available or to cancel your order. It is your responsibility to provide us with a valid email address so that we can contact you if necessary.
Any order placed by you constitutes an offer to purchase the Products from us. All such offers received from you are subject to acceptance by us and we reserve the right to refuse any order placed by you at any time prior to acceptance, without providing an explanation.
You shall be responsible for ensuring the accuracy of the details provided by you during the order process and we will not accept an order unless all details requested from you have been entered correctly.
You agree that if we contact you to acknowledge receipt of your order such communication shall not amount to our acceptance of your offer to purchase the products ordered by you from the Website.
A contract between you and us (the 'Contract') incorporating these Conditions will only subsist after we have debited your payment card and have confirmed that we have dispatched the goods and/or shall be providing the requested service and, where appropriate, have made it available to be downloaded. We will send you an email to confirm this (a 'Confirmation Notice'). The Confirmation Notice will amount to an acceptance of your offer to buy the Products from us. The Contract will only be formed when we send you the Confirmation Notice (whether or not you receive it).
Where we agree to supply Products to you permanently or on an ongoing (continuous) basis, such as by subscription, they shall be provided for a minimum fixed period of time (the 'Minimum Duration'). The length of the Minimum Duration will depend on which package or product you have selected to purchase and is provided on the Website. The Contract will relate only to the Products stated in the Confirmation Notice. We will not be obliged to supply any other Products which may have been part of your order until we have sent you a separate Confirmation Notice relating to it.
You must check that the details contained in the Confirmation Notice are correct and you should print out and keep a copy of it.
You will be subject to the version of our policies and Conditions in force at the time that you order the Products from us, unless:
Any change to those policies or these Conditions is required to be made by law or governmental authority
We notify you of any change to our policies or these Conditions before we send you the Confirmation Notice, in which case, we are entitled to assume that you have accepted it, unless we receive written notification from you to the contrary within seven working days of receipt of the Confirmation Notice
RISK AND TITLE
The goods will be at your risk from the time of delivery.
Ownership of the goods will only pass to you when we receive full payment of all sums due in respect of them including the cost of delivery (in the case of goods).
CANCELLING YOUR CONTRACT AND RETURNS
Cancelling before receiving a Confirmation Notice
You may cancel your order for the Products at any time prior to receiving a Confirmation Notice from us so long as you contact us in writing. You can send us a cancellation notice by sending an email to pta@bramhopeprimaryschool.co.uk or a letter to Breary Rise, Bramhope, West Yorkshire, LS16 9AL. Your cancellation notice must quote your name, address, the name or a description of the Products and your order reference number.
Cancellation after receiving a Confirmation Notice Goods
You are entitled to cancel your Contract at any time prior to receiving the goods so long as you provide us with written notice or, if you have received the goods, so long as you provide us with written notice at anytime within 7 working days starting from the day after you received the goods. You can send your cancellation notice by email to pta@bramhopeprimaryschool.co.uk or a letter to Breary Rise, Bramhope, West Yorkshire, LS16 9AL. Your cancellation notice must quote your name, address, the name or a description of the goods and your order reference number.
Upon receiving your cancellation notice, we will contact you and provide details of where you must return the goods and other relevant instructions. You must then immediately return the goods to us at your own cost and risk. We reserve the right, at our option, to collect the goods from you. If we wish to collect the goods we will notify you of when they will be collected by us. We will charge you for the cost of collecting the goods and will deduct this from any sum owed by us to you.
The goods must be returned to us in the same condition in which you received them until such time as the goods are either collected by us or delivered back to us by you. You must return the goods with its original packaging and the original invoice. You have a legal obligation to take reasonable care of the goods whilst they are in your possession. If you fail to comply with this obligation, we may have a right of action against you for compensation.
Services
You are entitled to cancel your Contract and obtain a refund within 7 working days from the date of the Confirmation Notice. This also applies, where appropriate and subject to clause 12.2.7, to items that are available to be downloaded. However, you will no longer have a right to cancel if, with your agreement, we have already commenced providing the services to you before this period of time expires. We shall be deemed to have already commenced providing the services, in circumstances where you have already downloaded products or materials that we made available to you, from the Website.
You may notify us of your wish to cancel by sending us a cancellation notice to pta@bramhopeprimaryschool.co.uk or a letter to Breary Rise, Bramhope, West Yorkshire, LS16 9AL. Your cancellation notice must quote your name, address, the name or a description of the Products and your order reference number.
Upon receiving your cancellation notice, we will contact you providing any necessary instructions which you will be required to follow.
So long as you have complied with your obligations under this clause, we will refund the purchase price but not the cost of delivery (if any) to you by crediting the payment card you used to purchase the products.
Exception to the right to cancel You will not have a right to cancel an order for goods and services purchased from us, in the following situations:
If you expressly agree to us beginning to provide any services before the end of the cancellation period.
The Contract is for goods which are bespoke or have been personalised or which may deteriorate (such as food)
The Contract is for goods and/or services the price of which is dependent on fluctuations in the financial market which cannot be controlled by us
The Contract is for the sale of land or financial services
The Contract is for the sale of goods and services by auction
The Contract is for the supply of:
Audio or video recordings and computer software if unsealed by you
Audio or video recordings and software and other items that you have successfully downloaded where a free trial or demonstration was available to you to view or download
Newspapers, magazines and other periodicals
Gaming, betting and lottery services
Damaged, faulty or wrongly delivered goods
We will offer you a refund of the full purchase price, including the cost of delivery for sending the goods to you, and the cost of returning the goods to us, provided that you return the goods to us and the conditions set out in paragraph 12.5.2. are met. We must also be reasonably satisfied that:
the goods have not suffered damage after delivery;
the goods have not been misused or used other than in accordance with the instructions; and
the problem is not due to normal wear and tear.
The goods in terms of which you are claiming a refund must have:
been damaged on delivery;
been delivered in a faulty condition;
have been delivered to you in error.
Alternatively, at your option, instead of a refund (and subject to returning the goods as required under this clause) we will replace the goods with the same or a similar product (subject to stock availability).
Sometimes the product specifications from the manufacturer may change, in which case, if you request a replacement, we will do our best to offer you a substitute of the same or better quality at the same price. If you are not happy with the replacement, you can return the goods to us.
In order to claim a refund or replacement item please send us a cancellation notice as soon as you become aware of a problem and no later than 7 working days after receipt or the fault developing by email to pta@bramhopeprimaryschool.co.uk or a letter to Breary Rise, Bramhope, West Yorkshire, LS16 9AL. Your cancellation notice must quote your name, address, the name or a description of the goods, a brief description of the problem, fault or damage and your order reference number.
Upon receiving your cancellation notice, we will contact you and provide details of where you must return the goods and other relevant instructions. You must then immediately return the goods to us. We reserve the right, at our option, to collect the goods from you. If we wish to collect the goods we will notify you of when they will be collected by us.
Incorrectly priced or described products
Whilst we try and ensure that all the information on the Website is accurate, errors may occur. In the unlikely event that the price and/or description of an item listed on the Website has been incorrectly advertised, we will not be under any obligation to sell or provide those Products to you.
If we discover the error before sending you a Confirmation Notice we will at our discretion, either reject your order and notify you of such rejection, or inform you as soon as possible and give you the option of cancelling your order or reconfirming it at the correct price and/or description. If we give you the option of cancelling your order or reconfirming it at the correct price and/or description but either cannot contact you or do not receive your response within 14 days of sending you notification (whether or not you receive it), we will reject your order.
If we discover the error after sending you a Confirmation Notice we may, at our discretion and without incurring any liability to you, cancel the Contract provided that the error is, in our reasonable opinion, obvious and unmistakable and could have reasonably been recognised by you. We will notify if we cancel the Contract.
If your order is cancelled or rejected and you have already paid for the products, you will receive a full refund in accordance with clause 12.6
Processing refunds
Goods
We will examine any returned goods and will notify you about your refund or replacement item via email within a reasonable period of time. We will usually process a refund or delivery of a replacement item as soon as possible and, in any case, within 30 days of the day we confirmed to you via email that you are entitled to it. Refunds will be made by crediting the payment card or electronic payment account you used to purchase the goods.
We reserve the right to refuse to issue a refund or replacement and to recover the cost of returning or collecting the goods in the event that the goods are found to have suffered damage after delivery or have been misused or used other than in accordance with the instructions or if the problem is due to normal wear and tear or if the goods have not been returned with its original packaging. This does not affect your statutory rights.
Services
We will notify you about your refund via email within a reasonable period of time. We will usually process a refund as soon as possible and, in any case, within 30 days of the day we confirmed to you via email that you are entitled to a refund. Refunds will be made by crediting the payment card or electronic payment account you used to purchase the services.
COMPLAINTS
If you have a comment, concern or complaint about any products you have purchased from us, please contact us via email at pta@bramhopeprimaryschool.co.uk or a letter to Breary Rise, Bramhope, West Yorkshire, LS16 9AL.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
The content of the Website is protected by copyright (including design copyrights), trade marks, patent, database and other intellectual property rights and similar proprietary rights which include, (without limitation), all rights in materials, works, techniques, computer programs, source codes, data, technical information, trading business brand names, goodwill, service marks utility models, semi-conductor topography rights, the style or presentation of the goods or services, creations, inventions or improvements upon or additions to an invention, confidential information, know-how and any research effort relating to BPS PTA moral rights and any similar rights in any country (whether registered or unregistered and including applications for and the right to apply for them in any part of the world) and you acknowledge that the intellectual property rights in the material and content supplied as part of the Website shall remain with us or our licensors.
You may download or copy the content and other downloadable items displayed on the Website subject to the condition that the material may only be used for personal non-commercial purposes. Copying or storing the contents of the Website for other than personal use is expressly prohibited.
You may retrieve and display the content of the Website on a computer screen, store such content in electronic form on disk (but not any server or other storage device connected to a network) or print one copy of such content for your own personal, non-commercial use, provided you keep intact all and any copyright and proprietary notices. You may not otherwise reproduce, modify, copy or distribute or use for commercial purposes any of the materials or content on the Website.
You acknowledge that any other use of the material and content of this Website is strictly prohibited and you agree not to (and agree not to assist or facilitate any third party to) copy, reproduce, transmit, publish, display, distribute, commercially exploit or create derivative works from such material and content.
No licence is granted to you in these Conditions to use any of our trade marks or those of our affiliated companies.
Products sold by us and Website content may be subject to copyright, trade mark or other intellectual property rights in favour of third parties. We acknowledge those rights.
WEBSITE USE
You are permitted to use the Website and the material contained in it only as expressly authorised by us under the PTA Events terms of use.
LIABILITY AND INDEMNITY
Not withstanding any other provision in the Conditions, nothing will affect or limit your statutory rights; or will exclude or limit our liability for:
Death or personal injury resulting from our negligence
Fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation
Action pursuant to section 2(3) of the Consumer Protection Act 1987
Any matter for which it would be unlawful for us to exclude or attempt to exclude our liability
The Website is provided on an 'as is' and 'as available' basis without any representation or endorsement made and we make no warranties or guarantees, whether express or implied, statutory or otherwise (unless otherwise expressly stated in these Conditions or required by law) in relation to the information, materials, content or services found or offered on the Website for any particular purpose or any transaction that may be conducted on or through the Website including but not limited to, implied warranties of non-infringement, compatibility, timeliness, performance, security, accuracy, condition or completeness, or any implied warranty arising from course of dealing or usage or trade custom.
We will not be liable if the Website is unavailable at any time.
We make no representation or warranty of any kind express or implied statutory or otherwise regarding the availability of the Website or that it will be timely or error-free, that defects will be corrected, or that the Website or the server that makes it available are free of viruses or bugs.
We will not be responsible or liable to you for any loss of content or material uploaded or transmitted through the Website and we accept no liability of any kind for any loss or damage resulting from action taken in reliance on material or information contained on the Website.
We cannot guarantee and cannot be responsible for the security or privacy of the Website and any information provided by you. You must bear the risk associated with the use of the internet. In particular, we will not be liable for any damage or loss caused by a distributed denial-of-service attack, any viruses trojans, worms, logic bombs, keystroke loggers, spyware, adware or other material which is malicious or technologically harmful that may infect your computer, peripheral computer equipment, computer programs, data or other proprietary material as a result of your use of the Website or you downloading any material posted or sold on the Website or from any website linked to it.
We will use all reasonable endeavours to carry out our obligations within a reasonable period of time but will not be liable to you for any loss, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from any delays in doing so.
We will not be liable, in contract or tort (including, without limitation, negligence), or in respect of pre-contract or other representations (other than fraudulent misrepresentations) or otherwise for:
any economic losses (including without limitation loss of revenues, profits, contracts, business or anticipated savings and any other consequential loss); or
any loss of goodwill or reputation; or
any special or indirect losses; or
any loss of data; or
wasted management or office time; or
any other loss or damage of any kind suffered or incurred arising out of or in connection with the provision of any matter under these Conditions and/or the Contract and/or the use of this Website or any aspect related to your purchase of the Products even if such losses are foreseeable or result from a deliberate breach of these Conditions by us that would entitle you to terminate the Contract between us or as a result of any action we have taken in response to your breach of these Conditions. Without prejudice to the terms of this clause and in the event that we are unable to rely upon it, our liability for all and any losses you suffer as a result of us breaking the Contract, whether or not deliberate, including those listed in clauses 16.8.1 to 16.8.6, is strictly limited to the purchase price of the products you purchased.
You agree to fully indemnify, defend and hold us, and our officers, directors, employees and suppliers, harmless immediately on demand, from and against all claims, including but not limited to losses (including loss of profit, revenue, goodwill or reputation), costs and expenses, including reasonable administrative and legal costs, arising out of any breach of these Conditions by you, or any other liabilities arising out of your use of this Website or any other person accessing the Website using your personal information with your authority.
This clause does not affect your statutory rights as a consumer, nor does it affect your contractual cancellation rights.
FORCE MAJEURE
We shall have no liability for delays or failures in delivery or performance of our obligations to you resulting from any act, events, omissions, failures or accidents that are outside of our control ('Force Majeure'), which, without limitation, include:
Strikes, lock-outs or other industrial action
Shortages of labour, fuel, power, raw materials
Late, defective performance or non-performance by suppliers
Private or public telecommunication, computer network failures or breakdown of equipment
Civil commotion, riot, invasion, terrorist attack or threat of terrorist attack, war (whether declared or not) or threat or preparation for war.
Fire, explosion, storm, flood, earthquake, subsidence, epidemic or other natural disaster or extreme weather conditions.
Impossibility of the use of railways, shipping, aircraft, motor transport or other means of public or private transport.
Acts, decrees, legislation, regulations or restrictions of any government
Other causes, beyond our reasonable control
Our performance will be deemed to be suspended for the period that the event of Force Majeure continues, and we will have an extension of time for performance for the duration of that period. We will use our reasonable endeavours to minimise any delay caused by Force Majeure or to find a solution by which our obligations may be performed despite the Force Majeure event. We shall promptly notify you of any Force Majeure event giving details of it and (where possible) the extent and likely duration of any delay.
Where the period of non-performance or delay in relation to any event of Force Majeure exceeds 30 days from the date of notice to you of the event of Force Majeure, either you or us may, by written notice to the other, terminate the Contract with immediate effect upon service.
PRIVACY POLICY
In order to monitor and improve customer service, we sometimes record telephone calls.
We shall be entitled to process your data in accordance with the terms of our Privacy Policy. Please view this document for further information. All information provided by you will be treated securely and in accordance with the Data Protection Act 1998 (as amended).
You can find full details of our Privacy Policy on the Website.
THIRD PARTY RIGHTS
Except for our affiliates, directors, employees or representatives, a person who is not a party to the Contract has no right under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 to enforce any term of the Contract but this does not affect any right or remedy of a third party that exists or is available apart from that Act.
EXTERNAL LINKS
To provide increased value and convenience to our users, we may provide links to other websites or resources for you to access at your sole discretion and risk. You acknowledge and agree that, as you have chosen to enter the linked website we are not responsible for the availability of such external sites or resources, and do not review or endorse and are not responsible or liable in any way, whether directly or indirectly, for:
The privacy practices of such websites
The content of such websites, including (without limitation) any advertising, content, products, goods or other materials or services on or available from such websites or resources
The use which others make of these websites; or
Any damage, loss or offence caused or alleged to be caused to you, arising from or in connection with the use of or reliance upon any such advertising, content, products, goods, materials or services available on and/or purchased by you from such external websites or resources
LINKING TO THE WEBSITE
You must not create a link to the Website from another website, document or any other source without first obtaining our prior written consent.
Any agreed link must be:
To the Website's homepage
Established from a website or document that is owned by you and does not contain content that is offensive, controversial, infringes any intellectual property rights or other rights of any other person or does not comply in any way with the law in the UK and the law in any country from which they are hosted
Provided in such a way that is fair and legal and does not damage our reputation or take advantage of it
Established in such a way that does not suggest any form of association, approval or endorsement on our part where none exists
We have no obligation to inform you if the address of the Website home page changes and it is your responsibility to ensure that any link you provide to our homepage is at all times accurate.
We reserve the right to withdraw our consent without notice and without providing any reasons for withdrawal. Upon receiving such notice you must immediately remove the link and inform us once this has been done.
NOTICES
All notices given by you to us must be given to us at Breary Rise, Bramhope, West Yorkshire, LS16 9AL or by using BPS PTA. We may give notice as described in clause 3
Notice will be deemed received and properly served immediately when posted on our Website, 24 hours after an email is sent, or three days after the date of posting of any letter. In proving the service of any notice, it will be sufficient to prove, in the case of a letter, that such letter was properly addressed, stamped and placed in the post and, in the case of an email, that such email was sent to the specified email address of the addressee.
ENTIRE AGREEMENT
The Contract represents the entire agreement between us in relation to the subject matter of the Contract and supersede any prior agreement, understanding or arrangement between us, whether oral or in writing.
We each acknowledge that, in entering into a Contract, neither of us has relied on any express or implied representation, undertaking or promise given by the other from anything said or written in any negotiations between us prior to such Contract except as has been expressly incorporated in such Contract.
Neither of us shall have any remedy in respect of any untrue statement made by the other, whether orally or in writing, prior to the date of any Contract (unless such untrue statement was made fraudulently) and the other party's only remedy shall be for breach of contract as provided in these Conditions.
GENERAL
We reserve the right to change the domain address of this Website and any services, products, product prices, product specifications and availability at any time.
All prices and descriptions supersede all previous publications. All product descriptions are approximate.
Every effort is made to keep information regarding stock availability on the Website up to date. However, we do not guarantee that this is the case, or that stock will always be available.
If any provision of these terms and conditions is held by any competent authority to be invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part, the validity of the other provisions of the Contract and the remainder of the provision in question will not be affected.
All Contracts are concluded and available in English only.
If we fail, at any time during the term of a Contract, to insist upon strict performance of any of your obligations under it or any of these terms and conditions, or if we fail to exercise any of the rights or remedies to which we are entitled under the Contract, this shall not constitute a waiver of such rights or remedies and shall not relieve you from compliance with your obligations.
A waiver by us of any default shall not constitute a waiver of any subsequent default.
No waiver by us of any of these Conditions or of any other term of a Contract shall be effective unless it is expressly stated to be a waiver and is communicated to you in writing in accordance with clause 3
Any Contract between you and us is binding on you and us and on our respective successors and assigns. You may not transfer, assign, charge or otherwise dispose of the Contract, or any of your rights or obligations arising under it, without our prior written consent. We may transfer, assign, charge, sub-contract or otherwise dispose of a Contract, or any of our rights or obligations arising under it, at any time during the term of the Contract.
GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION
The Website is controlled and operated in the United Kingdom.
Every purchase you make shall be deemed performed in England and Wales.
The Conditions and any Contract brought into being as a result of usage of this Website will be governed by the laws of England and Wales and you irrevocably agree to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of England and Wales.
